it appears you can now counter spell adept powers and critter powers.
There are some restrictions ;-)
Adept Powers that "cost an action to activate" (Adrenaline Boost, Astral Perception, Attribute Boost, Killing Hands, Wall Running)
"Targeted and sustained" critter powers (Animal control, Compulsion, Concealment, Confusion, Engulf, Guard, Movement, Petrification, Psychokinesis)
All other Adept Powers and Critter Powers (in the CRB) are innate and does not act like sustained spells.
You had similar rules in previous edition:
SR5 p. 315 Mana Barriers
....many always-on critter powers are innate and so are unaffected by a barrier.