Hits on a toxin resistance test reduces the power of the toxin (see pg 121, SR6)
Technically there is no threshold given for a resistance test, but yes the reasonable intent is that the Power is a "sort of" threshold, and therefore a Toxin Extractor is just reducing the Power of the toxin. As opposed to giving you bonus dice, which most things that help would do (for example, a respirator).
So yes, what's supposed to happen is a Rating 6 Toxin Extractor would give you no bonus dice, but reduce the power from X to X-6 before you have to make the test. Note that per pg 121, if you manage to resist the Power entirely, there's not only no damage but no other effects via statuses.