It's funny that logic is mentioned, think of the simple IF/THEN statement in any programming language.
"Like physical perception, you don’t need to make a test to see things that are immediately obvious (and since astral forms are bright and vibrant, this means that most astral forms are easy to spot). You only need to roll the dice when your target is trying to hide or when you’re trying to observe in detail—then you make an Assensing Test to see what you can see"
But before I get to that, see the underlined part. "Like" meaning similar, but not the same as. So they are saying this isn't Perception, but it works similarly. Then you get to the bolded parts. Substitute "If" for "When" and the "Then" makes sense as the course of action to take.
It just wouldn't make sense for that to mean that you can make an Assensing test after a Perception test in this case. They say the Assensing test is "to see what you can see" which is what the Perception test would be for. So at the very least, if it was meant as two separate tests, the wording of it would make them redundant tests.