When it come to inanimate objects its generally only long lasting ones that leave shadows on the Astral, Rain and Fog are temporary and dont last so they dont show up. Like I said in previous editions it was abundantly clear as they made special smoke grenades that explicitly said these effect astral perception and were developed because normal smoke grenades did nothing to astral perception. It was a specific combat tactic to have people go in dump a bunch of smoke grenades and then let the mages just pick the opposition off, it was causing the Corps no end of consternation in the Amazonia conflict as well as in England as well as they were having guerillas using this tactic chew up absolutely absurd amounts of military resources with it. Its why the decided it was worth dumping a billion nuyen into researching FAB grenades.
I will admit that some of this is legacy stuff coming from previous editions but since I have seen nothing that even hints at changes to this I feel like its still legit. Lighting, Smoke, Fog, Rain and such from non magical sources have no effect on astral perception. Distance and distractions do effect assensing, you also have some unique things they call out like the fact that since your not using light in anway things like windows that are see through to normal sight are opaque to assensing.
At the end of the day every table is different, Play what works for you and your group.