It's kind of a silly show, but honestly you might want to check out a couple episodes of Dog the Bounty Hunter for flavor. They do actually show some of how they track people down.
As you suspected, it's a lot of human intelligence gathering. They question family, ex-girlfriends, co-workers, neighbors, or people in the local drug scene. When did they last see them? (Are they lying?) What vehicle was the person in? Who owns it, what's the license plate, can they track it? Where did they like to hang out? They'll stake it out.