Are you thinking of doppler weather radar? Cause that uses radar to pick up the movement of water droplets in clouds and the like. SR4A says a smartgun has a small camera and a laser rangefinder.
No, if I were I would have said radar. It is in fact a program that takes in visual data (and thermal data) and monitors changes to make calculations on sight. It is of more use to engineers really than weather personnel as it is more telling of weather patterns that are going to cause stress on buildings, signs, hanging lines, etc. Doubly so in cities where the wind travels through
alleys between the large buildings.
Also, long range shooting is definitely about guesswork, knowing your rifle, and knowledge of your sights wind values. Breaking out the calculator and carrying the 2 doesn't really have a place in the mountains of Afghanistan. Craig Harrison, current holder for longest sniper shot, took 7 rounds to range in a target in an environment with "no wind, mild weather, clear visibility", it was basically the perfect situation. FOR A LASER RIFLE
Knowing your rifle. Check. Knowing your sights. Check. Knowing the ballistics of the ammunition you are using. Check. No you don't use a calculator, that takes too much time. Most military snipers have a paper taped to their stock with drop rates per dot (on the mildot scope) and windage calculations to quickly adjust how far to adjust for wind. Every one is trained to be able to do this on the fly, because it is extremely important. In addition, the spotter is the one that normally does the calculations so that the shooter can keep concentration on maintaining visual on the target. It is all physics and perception. The smartlink doesn't need 7 shots to range in the target, because it's feeding off of data from thousands of shots under that profile and taking in data (through the camera) to calculate windage. It's got the bullet weight, range to target (range finder), camera footage for windage, temperature of the barrel, everything it needs to use simple physics and calculate the exact impact box for the round.
Now, a human might not be able to notice a change in conditions in some circumstances, but a computer can notice changes faster than the human and can calculate multiple data feeds at the same time much quicker. Even knowing temp differences between walls not in the wind path and walls against the wind helps determine wind speed and direction. Computers are better at this than a human, and will only get more and more so. The smartlink should be able to do this with no issue whatsoever. In fact, it has to in order to maintain it's credibility.