Edited to re-add a little intro I accidentally cut off on my final preview to post: Hello all! I've been looking forward to SR5 for quite a while and was ecstatic to see some Adept love in the form of Qi Foci, but like all things I love I have to tinker with them. In the basic rules it takes a Force 16 focus with an Availability of 48R to get a +4 Strength bonus that can be had for very little through 'ware augments. Assuming Qi Foci are to be the augments for adepts, or perhaps in a future edition other magic users, that seems a little overly restrictive. Given that I've reworked them for my Availability by basing that on the Power Points of the power in the focus and I gave them grades like other augments have, but with a more appropriate naming convention (two actually!). Increasing grade means higher price and availability restriction, but lower total force and therefore lower karma cost.
Re-edited because I had too much time on my hands while out sick today! So, here's some info on Chinese magical practices!
pg. 279
Traditions
The Shénjiào Mùshī
The Shénjiào, 神教, tradition is the most common Chinese 'lower class' and populist magical tradition; it is a counterpoint to the 'high society' and academic Wŭxíng, 五行, tradition (detailed in SR4 Street Magic and hopefully in an upcoming SR5 book!). Where Wŭxíng wŭjén, or more accurately wŭ dá rén, 五達人 (experts in the philosophy of fives; not to be confused with wǔ jīn, 五金, the Chinese name for cyberware), see an orderly universe bound by structure and bureaucratic design that can be studied until mastered, Shénjiào mùshī, 牧師 (priests), practice feeling the ebb and flow of the universe's and the Gods' qì, 氣 (vital energy), by living in alignment with them until the mùshī learns to use their own qì to cause magical effects. A common statement by mùshī is that "Teaching by example beats explaining in words" or, as said in the West, actions speak louder than words.
Side Bar: Chinese Magicians Titles
Despite their differences in belief and practice, all the Chinese magical traditions have been exchanging concepts with each other for the past millennium and certain titles have become preeminent over others. In particular Daoism has been a source of many of the modern titles, but magicians across the range of traditions including Chán Zōng Sēng / Chán Zōng Ní Gū, 禪宗僧 / 禪宗尼姑 (Chinese Zen Buddhist Monks / Nuns), Dào Jiào Tú, 道教徒 (Followers of Daoism), Shénjiào Mùshī, and Wŭxíng Wŭjén can all be called magician by the generic title Wū Shī, 巫師. Magical healing specialists are often called, Wū Yī, 巫醫. The arts of Enchantment are considered Wài Dān, 外丹 (Outer Alchemy), while the arts of Adepts to master their own bodies are considered Nèi Dān, 內丹 (Inner Alchemy). Similarly, the arts of Conjuring are described as Wài Zhào, 外召 (Outer Summoning), while the arts of Sorcery are described as Nèi Zhào, 內召 (Inner Summoning).
Unlike the Wŭxíng tradition, which recognizes the Gods but is not itself a religion, Shénjiào is the Chinese folk religion with eons of beliefs building on beliefs. It is often intermixed with Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism, but is a religion and philosophical tradition of its own and often takes on different facets in different regions of the world. Mùshī see the Gods, Ancestors, and other Shén, 神 (also including immortals, saints, and more assorted supernatural beings) not as easily defined beings that can be petitioned for aid as wŭjén or shaman might, but as implacable forces with their own whims and beliefs which the mùshī must learn to adapt to in a way that benefits them both. The Shén are often emulated or asked for guidance, but the magic a mùshī wields is about learning and exploiting the quirks of the universe, rather than the quirks of the Shén. Often the basic structure of these beliefs is similar to that of wŭjén, such as the Chinese Five Processes belief that forms the basis for Wŭxíng magical practices, but in Shénjiào it is believed that structure is much less firm and much more free flowing than wŭjén assume.
Five Processes philosophy, commonly called Five Elements in the West, holds that Metal (Jīn, 金), enriches Water (Shuǐ, 水), which nourishes Trees (Mù, 木), which feeds Fire (Huǒ, 火), which creates Earth (Tǔ, 土), which bears Metal, which chops Trees, which parts Earth, which absorbs Water, which extinguishes Fire, which melts Metal. In this Harmonious Cycle, the first half of the chain is the Generative direction of flow and the second half is the Overcoming direction. These form an overlaying metaphor and metaphysic to all of reality in pure Wŭxíng tradition, which holds this to be a firm and reliable constant in the universe. The Shénjiào tradition feels that this, like most things, is often or even usually true, but not always a truth. Mùshī say that in the proper season, or at the whim of the Shén, Metal can be ground to Earth, which can burst into Fire, which can sprout the seeds of Trees, which can release clouds of Water, which can crystallize into Metal, which can hone Fire, which can distill Water, which can spark Earth, which can cultivate Trees, which can grind Metal. To many wŭjén this appears to be nonsensical at best and disturbingly disharmonious at worst, but mùshī see it as simply differently harmonious and call it the Amicable Cycle with first Engendering and then Seizing directions of flow.
Mùshī build miào, 廟 (temples), to act as their magical lodges, although in their belief the miào belongs to the community of worshippers who support it rather than to the mùshī. Due to a series of translations through Portuguese, back to Chinese, and then to English, miào are also called joss houses in English and are frequently found by that name in Chinatowns across North America. An isolated mùshī might build a cí, 祠 (ancestral shrine), or yuán, 院 (sanctuary shrine), but a collection of them could eventually build up to a gōng, 宮 (palace), of shrines. Whichever are built they are usually a riot of colors and icons, particular with dragons and Gods on their roofs. This often requires reagents of metals, minerals, and woods for building the base structure, as well as animal and plant parts for special inks and dyes. Knowledge of botany, parabotany, geology, parageology, zoology, parazoology, and chemistry are very beneficial in the hunt for appropriate materials. They are often built with fēng shuĭ ideals in mind, so a knowledge of arcana, architecture, and astronomy can be invaluable to their design.
The Shénjiào view of conjuring is dependent on their understanding that spirits are powerful beings (or are connected to powerful beings) and worthy of deep respect, or occasionally great fear. Mùshī are animistic, so see spirits in everything, but believe they are better off making long lasting, binding bargains with the spirits they know well, rather than chance a bad meeting with a wayward spirit while out and about.
Shénjiào Tradition
Combat: Man (Metal)
Detection: Earth
Health: Fire
Illusion: Plant* (Trees)
Manipulation: Water
Drain: Intuition + Willpower
*Plant Spirits are detailed in SR4 Street Magic and, again, hopefully soon in a book for SR5!
pg. 319
Qì Foci
The Force and Availability of a focus is determined by the Power Point cost of the power it holds and the Grade of the focus. Qì foci were first well developed by the Wŭxíng magical tradition and their grade naming patterns generally follow that traditions lead. The standard, base grade of qì foci are called Yī, 一 (One), and require a Force of four times the Power Point cost of the power it holds (rounded up to the nearest whole number as usual), so a Level 1 Improved Ability (Unarmed Combat) yī focus is a Force 2 focus, while a level 1 Improved Reflexes focus is Force 6 if you do not have Power Points of your own in the Power, or Force 4 if you already have levels of your own. They have an Availability equal to five times the Power Point cost of the power it holds.
The next grade are called Shí, 十 (Ten), and require a Force of three times the Power Point cost of the power it holds, so a Level 1 Improved Ability (Unarmed Combat) shí focus is equal to Force 1.5, rounded up to a Force 2 focus, while a level 1 Improved Reflexes focus is Force 4.5, rounded up to Force 5 if you do not have Power Points of your own in the Power, or Force 3 if you already have levels of your own. They have an Availability two higher than the base yī grade and cost four times what yī foci cost for that same power (i.e., a level 1 Improved Reflexes yī focus is Force 6, Availability = Power Points 1.5 x 5 = 7.5 rounded up to 8, and Costs = Force 6 x 3,000 ¥ = 18,000 ¥, but a level 1 Improved Reflexes shí focus is Force 5, Availability = yī Availability 8 + 2 = 10, and Cost = yī cost 18,000 ¥ x 4 = 72,000 ¥).
The third grade are called Bǎi, 百 (Hundred), and require a Force of two times the Power Point cost of the power it holds with an Availability four higher than the base and cost seven times what Yī foci cost. The final grade are called Wàn, 萬 (Ten Thousand, a mystically significant, great number to Chinese magicians), and require only a Force equal to the Power Point cost of the power it holds (rounded up as normal), but have an Availability eight higher than the base and cost ten times as much as yī foci.
In the Shénjiào tradition the grade names are taken from the tones used in speaking Mandarin; in ascending order Píng, 平 (the first or even tone), Shǎng, 上 (the second or rising tone), Qù, 去 (the third or going tone), and Rù, 入 (the fourth or entering tone).
Qi Foci Table Power Point to Availability Cost
Grades Force Multiplier Modifier Multiplier
Yī 一 (Píng 平) x 4 - x 1
Shí 十 (Shǎng 上) x 3 + 2 x 4
Bǎi 百 (Qù 去) x 2 + 4 x 7
Wàn 萬 (Rù 入) x 1 + 8 x 10
pg. 320
Weapon Foci
In most Chinese magical traditions weapon foci are considered extensions of the self and are categorized with the qì foci. Wŭxíng weapon foci are called Qiān, 千 (Thousand), and Shénjiào weapon foci are called Qīng, 轻 (the fifth or lightly neutral tone that takes on the character of the tone before it).
pg. 451
Augmentation
The Chinese name for cyberware is wǔ jīn, 五金 (metal hardware, also the five metals; gold, silver, copper, iron, and tin). Their name for bioware developed as a counterpoint to the name for cyberware as wǔ zàng fǔ, 五臟腑 (the five yin and yang organs), in a not quite accurate reference to Traditional Chinese Medicine organ understanding (which actually includes a sixth yang meta-organ related to metabolism and energy flow). 'Ware grades almost always go by the typical Western names, Standard, Alpha, etc, but the Chinese names listed for qì foci (on pg. 319) are occasionally used, with the Shénjiào names a bit more frequently than the Wŭxíng names. Similarly, at times weapon 'ware will be described in the same terms as weapon foci (listed on pg. 320) with the Shénjiào term, Qīng, much more common for its association with augmenting or taking on the character of the greater body it enhances.
pg. 461
Magical Equipment
Foci Availability Cost
Qi Focus (Base, Yī Grade) (Power Points x 5)R Force x 3,000 ¥
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