Rank goes up from posting, and that's it. It's really just a cool shadowrunner-ish name attached to post count, but sadly not post quality. Please do us all -- and yourself! -- a favor and don't worry about it. The last thing we need is everyone worrying about forum ranks and just have them spamming the joint up. We have enough spammer-bots doing that for us.
And I wouldn't sweat the -1. They're sadly anonymous (completely so, even admins can't magically look into the servers and find out who did it, or when, or from what thread/post of yours), and as such ultimately pretty worthless. I figure you shouldn't take it personally that someone didn't like what you said, but didn't dislike it strongly enough to stand up and disagree with you like a grown-up.
Also, I just gave you a +1 to balance you out in a karmic sense, and make you feel a little better.